HERE’S WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT TRANEXAMIC ACID

In recent years, multiple studies have highlighted the brightening power of tranexamic acid. This ingredient visibly reduces skin discoloration and helps achieve a more even skin tone. Let’s dive into everything you need to know about this remarkable compound.

What is Tranexamic Acid?

Tranexamic acid is a synthetic derivative of lysine, an amino acid found in the skin. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Medically, oral tranexamic acid is used to treat excessive blood loss caused by major trauma, surgery, postpartum bleeding, or heavy menstruation due to its coagulating properties. It’s even included on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines.

The brightening properties of tranexamic acid were discovered by chance. A healthcare professional noticed that their patient, who was taking the molecule for chronic hives, experienced skin brightening and discoloration reduction.

Skin Benefits of Tranexamic Acid

In skincare, this ingredient is listed as "Tranexamic Acid" under the INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients). It provides several key benefits:

1. Reduces the Appearance of Dark Spots
Hyperpigmentation occurs when melanin, the pigment responsible for the skin's natural color, is overproduced in certain areas. This can result in dark spots that disrupt an even skin tone. These spots generally fall into three categories:

• Melasma: Caused by hormonal imbalances.
• Lentigo: Triggered by excessive sun exposure.
• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation: Stemming from an overproduction of melanin following inflammation (injuries, burns, acne scars).

While the exact mechanism of tranexamic acid is not fully understood, it is believed to inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators involved in melanin production. A 2019 study found that tranexamic acid offers similar results in melasma reduction as hydroquinone, but without the side effects. (Hydroquinone has been banned in cosmetic products in the EU since 2001.)

Additionally, a 2022 study showed that tranexamic acid helps reduce acne marks with minimal risk of side effects.

2. Strengthens the Skin Barrier
A 2015 study revealed that a topical treatment containing 3% tranexamic acid improved visible signs of rosacea after just two weeks. Researchers linked this improvement to the enhanced function of the skin barrier.

How to Use Tranexamic Acid in Skincare

For effective dark spot reduction, products should contain 2–5% tranexamic acid. Higher concentrations do not enhance results and may cause irritation.

As a lysine derivative, tranexamic acid is generally safe for topical use. Start by applying it once daily, preferably in the evening, especially if you have sensitive or irritated skin. Once your skin builds tolerance, you can increase usage to twice daily. If irritation occurs, discontinue use immediately.

Mary & May Tranexamic Acid + Glutathione Eye Cream

The Mary & May Tranexamic Acid + Glutathione Eye Cream combines the powerful effects of tranexamic acid with glutathione, an antioxidant known for its skin-brightening properties. Glutathione helps:

• Reduce the appearance of dark spots.
• Even out the skin tone.
• Protect the skin from free radical damage.

This eye cream visibly brightens and revitalizes the delicate under-eye area, helping to fade dark circles and maintain youthful skin.

Important Tips for Using Tranexamic Acid

For best results, apply products containing tranexamic acid to clean, dry skin. To enhance its brightening effects, combine it with a sunscreen in your morning routine. Daily sun protection prevents the formation of new dark spots and slows the progression of existing pigmentation. Opt for a broad-spectrum sunscreen enriched with hydrating ingredients like aloe vera and hyaluronic acid.

Sources:

• NAEINI F. F. & al., Topical tranexamic acid as a promising treatment for melasma, Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (2014).
• ZHONG S. & al., Topical tranexamic acid improves the permeability barrier in rosacea, Dermatologica Sinica (2015).
• JANNEY M. S. & al., A randomized controlled study comparing topical 5% tranexamic acid solution versus 3% hydroquinone cream in melasma, Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery (2019).
• WANG J. V. & al., Tranexamic acid for melasma: Evaluating various formulations, Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology (2019).
• ETESAMI I & al., Post-acne erythema treatment: A systematic review of the literature, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology (2022).